Des études ont démontré que les taux sériques de vitamine D des patients atteints de la maladie d’Hashimoto étaient significativement plus faibles que chez les témoins et que la carence en vitamine D était en corrélation avec la gravité et la durée de la thyroïdite de Hashimoto, le volume de la thyroïde et les niveaux d'anticorps. Ces résultats peuvent suggérer un rôle potentiel du niveau de vitamine D dans le développement de la thyroïdite de Hashimoto et/ou sa progression vers l'hypothyroïdie. RÉFÉRENCE:
Endocr Pract. 2013 May-Jun;19(3):479-84. doi: 10.4158/EP12376.OR. The association between severity of vitamin D deficiency and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Bozkurt NC1, Karbek B, Ucan B, Sahin M, Cakal E, Ozbek M, Delibasi T. Les résultats indiquent que le psoriasis est associé à des niveaux significativement plus bas de vitamine D 25-hydroxy, à l’augmentation de l’inflammation systémique et du stress oxydatif en particulier dans les cas graves de la maladie. RÉFÉRENCE:
Br J Biomed Sci. 2015;72(2):56-60. 25-hydroxy vitamin D and ischaemia-modified albumin levels in psoriasis and their association with disease severity. Chandrashekar L, Kumarit GR, Rajappa M, Revathy G, Munisamy M, Thappa DM Le resvératrol possède des activités anti-inflammatoires et ses effets sont étroitement liés à l'hypolipidémie (diminution des taux de cholestérol total, de triglycérides et de lipoprotéines de basse densité (LDL) associée à l'augmentation du cholestérol des lipoprotéines de haute densité (HDL)). RÉFÉRENCE:
Inflamm Res. 2015 May;64(5):321-32. doi: 10.1007/s00011-015-0810-4. Epub 2015 Apr 2. Resveratrol alleviates vascular inflammatory injury by inhibiting inflammasome activation in rats with hypercholesterolemia and vitamin D2 treatment. Deng ZY1, Hu MM, Xin YF, Gang C. Une forte consommation de micronutriments antioxydants, en particulier la vitamine C, peut réduire le risque de perte de cartilage et de progression de la maladie chez les personnes souffrant d'arthrose. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract OBJECTIVE: Cumulative damage to tissues, mediated by reactive oxygen species, has been implicated as a pathway that leads to many of the degenerative changes associated with aging. We hypothesized that increased intake of antioxidant micronutrients might be associated with decreased rates of osteoarthritis (OA) in the knees, a common age-related disorder. METHODS: Participants in the Framingham Osteoarthritis Cohort Study underwent knee evaluations by radiography at examinations 18 (1983-1985) and 22 (1992-1993). Usual dietary intake was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire, administered at examination 20 (1988-1989). Knees without OA at baseline (Kellgren and Lawrence [K&L] grade < or = 1) were classified as having incident OA if they had a K&L grade > or = 2 at followup. Knees with OA at baseline were classified as having progressive OA if their score increased by > or = 1 at followup. Knees were also classified as having cartilage loss or osteophyte growth if their maximal joint space narrowing or osteophyte growth score increased by > or = 1 (range 0-3). The association of vitamin C, beta carotene, and vitamin E intake, ranked in sex-specific tertiles, with incidence and progression of OA was compared with that of a panel of nonantioxidant vitamins, Bl, B6, niacin, and folate, using logistic regression and generalized estimation equations to adjust for correlation between fellow knees. The lowest tertile for each dietary exposure was used as the referent category. Odds ratios (OR) were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, weight change, knee injury, physical activity, energy intake, and health status. RESULTS: Six hundred forty participants received complete assessments. Incident and progressive OA occurred in 81 and 68 knees, respectively. We found no significant association of incident OA with any nutrient. A 3-fold reduction in risk of OA progression was found for both the middle tertile (adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.1-0.8) and highest tertile (adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.6) of vitamin C intake. This related predominantly to a reduced risk of cartilage loss (adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.8). Those with high vitamin C intake also had a reduced risk of developing knee pain (adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.8). A reduction in risk of OA progression was seen for beta carotene (adjusted OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9) and vitamin E intake (adjusted OR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.3-1.6), but was less consistent. No significant associations were observed for the nonantioxidant nutrients. CONCLUSION: High intake of antioxidant micronutrients, especially vitamin C, may reduce the risk of cartilage loss and disease progression in people with OA. We found no effect of antioxidant nutrients on incident OA. These preliminary findings warrant confirmation. Arthritis Rheum. 1996 Apr;39(4):648-56. Do antioxidant micronutrients protect against the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis? McAlindon TE1, Jacques P, Zhang Y, Hannan MT, Aliabadi P, Weissman B, Rush D, Levy D, Felson DT. Les résultats indiquent que le psoriasis est associé à des niveaux significativement plus bas de vitamine D 25-hydroxy, à l’augmentation de l’inflammation systémique et du stress oxydatif en particulier dans les cas graves de la maladie. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract Psoriasis is a T-helper-1 (Th1)/Th17-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease, characterised by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. Psoriasis and cardiovascular disease share similar pathogenic mechanisms such as vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome. 25-hydroxy vitamin D is an immune-regulatory hormone, with the ability to reduce cellular proliferation in psoriasis. Ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a marker of oxidative stress. This study examined 25-hydroxy vitamin D, IMA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in patients with psoriasis, in comparison with healthy controls and their possible association with disease severity. A total of 43 cases of psoriasis and 43 controls were included in this cross-sectional study, and severity grading was performed according to psoriasis area severity index (PASI) scoring. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, IMA and hs-CRP were evaluated in all study subjects. In psoriasis, 25-hydroxy vitamin D showed a significant decline, while hs-CRP and IMA levels were significantly elevated, as compared with controls. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D showed a significant negative correlation with PASI score. hs-CRP and IMA showed a significant positive correlation with PASI score. Significant negative correlation was observed between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and hs-CRP; 25-hydroxy vitamin D and IMA levels in psoriasis. The results indicate that psoriasis is associated with significantly lowered 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, along with increased systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, especially in severe disease. Thus, vitamin D supplementation might reduce systemic inflammation and oxidative stress and help in delaying the pathogenesis of co-morbidities associated with psoriasis. Br J Biomed Sci. 2015;72(2):56-60. 25-hydroxy vitamin D and ischaemia-modified albumin levels in psoriasis and their association with disease severity. Chandrashekar L, Kumarit GR, Rajappa M, Revathy G, Munisamy M, Thappa DM. La supplémentation en acide folique peut entraîner une amélioration subjective des bouffées de chaleur en abaissant l'activité noradrénergique centrale accrue. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract BACKGROUND: Neurotransmitter norepinephrine seems to be involved in the pathophysiology of hot flushes in postmenopausal women, and folic acid was found to interact with its receptors. OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of folic acid supplementation on the occurrence of hot flushes and the plasma level of 3-methoxy 4-hydroxy phenyl glycol (MHPG, the main metabolite of brain norepinephrine). METHOD: Forty-six postmenopausal women were allocated (by alternation) into 2 groups (n = 23 each); Group 1 received folic acid 5mg tablets daily for 4 weeks and group 2 received placebo tablets. Four women in group 2 discontinued the study. RESULTS: The number of women who reported improvement in hot flushes was significantly higher in the treatment group. On comparing the mean plasma levels of MHPG before and after treatment, a significant lowering was found in the treatment group (mean % change = -24.1 +/- 17.9, p < 0.001) when compared with the placebo-control group (mean % change = -5.59 +/- 16.4, p = 0.10). In the treatment group, there was a significant negative correlation between improvement in hot flushes and the plasma level of MHPG (r = -0.453, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Folic acid supplementation may cause subjective improvement of hot flushes by lowering the increased central noradrenergic activity. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2010 Sep;26(9):658-62. doi: 10.3109/09513591003686288. Folic acid supplementation may cure hot flushes in postmenopausal women: a prospective cohort study. Gaweesh SS1, Abdel-Gawad MM, Nagaty AM, Ewies AA. Une consommation plus élevée de poisson et d’acides gras à longue chaîne oméga-3 a été associée à une incidence plus faible de maladie coronarienne et de mortalité totale chez les femmes diabétiques. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : bstract BACKGROUND: Although several prospective cohort studies have found an inverse association between fish consumption and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) or sudden cardiac death in the general population, limited data are available among diabetic patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined prospectively the association between intake of fish and omega-3 fatty acids and risk of CHD and total mortality among 5103 female nurses with diagnosed type 2 diabetes but free of cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline. Between 1980 and 1996 (45 845 person-years of follow-up), we documented 362 incident cases of CHD (141 CHD deaths and 221 nonfatal myocardial infarctions) and 468 deaths from all causes. Compared with women who seldom consumed fish (<1 serving/mo), the relative risks (RRs) (95% CI) of CHD adjusted for age, smoking, and other established coronary risk factors were 0.70 (0.48 to 1.03) for fish consumption 1 to 3 times per month, 0.60 (0.42 to 0.85) for once per week, 0.64 (0.42 to 0.99) for 2 to 4 times per week, and 0.36 (0.20 to 0.66) for 5 or more times per week (P for trend=0.002). Higher consumption of fish was also associated with a significantly lower total mortality (multivariate RR=0.48 [0.29 to 0.80] for > or =5 times per week [P for trend=0.005]). Higher consumption of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a trend toward lower incidence of CHD (RR=0.69 [95% CI 0.47 to 1.03], P for trend=0.10) and total mortality (RR=0.63 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.88], P for trend=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: A higher consumption of fish and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a lower CHD incidence and total mortality among diabetic women. Circulation. 2003 Apr 15;107(14):1852-7. Epub 2003 Mar 31. Fish and long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake and risk of coronary heart disease and total mortality in diabetic women. Hu FB1, Cho E, Rexrode KM, Albert CM, Manson JE. Chez les personnes atteintes d'insuffisance cardiaque due à une dysfonction systolique du ventricule gauche, une supplémentation riche en micronutriments, à long terme, peut améliorer le volume et la fraction d'éjection ventriculaire gauche ainsi et que le niveau de la qualité de vie. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract AIMS: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common and leading cause of death in industrialized countries. The potential benefits of micronutrient supplementation in CHF are extensive. Therefore, we examined the influence of long-term multiple micronutrient supplementation on left ventricular (LV) function, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and quality-of-life (QoL) in elderly patients with CHF. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty CHF patients [age 75.4 (0.7), mean (SEM), LV ejection fraction (LVEF) < or =35%] were randomized to receive capsules containing a combination of high-dose micronutrients (calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, selenium, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin B(6), folate, vitamin B(12), vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, and Coenzyme Q10) or placebo for 9 months in a double-blind fashion. All subjects were on stable optimal medical therapy for at least 3 months before enrolment. At randomization and at study end, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and its soluble receptors TNFR-1 and TNFR-2 were measured and six-minute walk test and QoL were assessed. Cardiac magnetic resonance scanning was performed to evaluate cardiac dimensions and LVEF. Two patients died during follow-up. The remaining patients (14 randomized to placebo and 14 to micronutrients) were well matched for LV function, symptoms, and exercise capacity. At the end of the follow-up period, LV volumes were reduced in the intervention group with no change in the placebo group [-13.1 (17.1)% vs. +3.8 (10.0)%; P<0.05]. LVEF increased by 5.3+/-1.4% in the intervention group and was unchanged in the placebo group (P<0.05). Patients taking micronutrients also had a significant improvement in QoL score between enrolment and study end [+9.5 (1.6)%; P<0.05], whereas those taking placebo had a slight deterioration [-1.1 (0.8)%; P=0.12]. Six-minute walk test and inflammatory cytokine levels remained unchanged in both groups. CONCLUSION: Long-term multiple micronutrient supplementation can improve LV volumes and LVEF and QoL scores in elderly patients with heart failure due to LV systolic dysfunction. Eur Heart J. 2005 Nov;26(21):2238-44. Epub 2005 Aug 4. The effect of micronutrient supplementation on quality-of-life and left ventricular function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Witte KK1, Nikitin NP, Parker AC, von Haehling S, Volk HD, Anker SD, Clark AL, Cleland JG. Une nouvelle recherche démontre que la supplémentation quotidienne de multivitamines à long terme diminue de façon significative le risque de développement de la cataracte liée à l'âge chez les hommes. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract PURPOSE: To test whether long-term multivitamin supplementation affects the incidence of cataract or age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a large cohort of men. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 14,641 US male physicians aged ≥ 50 years. INTERVENTION: Daily multivitamin or placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incident cataract and visually significant AMD responsible for a reduction in best-corrected visual acuity to 20/30 or worse based on self-reports confirmed by medical record review. RESULTS: During an average of 11.2 years of treatment and follow-up, a total of 1817 cases of cataract and 281 cases of visually significant AMD were confirmed. There were 872 cataracts in the multivitamin group and 945 cataracts in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-0.99; P = 0.04). For visually significant AMD, there were 152 cases in the multivitamin group and 129 cases in the placebo group (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.94-1.50; P = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS: These randomized trial data from a large cohort of middle-aged and older US male physicians indicate that long-term daily multivitamin use modestly and significantly decreased the risk of cataract but had no significant effect on visually significant AMD. Ophthalmology. 2014 Feb;121(2):525-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.09.038. Epub 2013 Nov 20. Effects of multivitamin supplement on cataract and age-related macular degeneration in a randomized trial of male physicians. Christen WG1, Glynn RJ2, Manson JE3, MacFadyen J4, Bubes V4, Schvartz M4, Buring JE5, Sesso HD6, Gaziano JM7. 40 jours de supplémentation en CoQ10 (300 mg / jour) - Une importante amélioration clinique montrant une réduction de la douleur, de la fatigue générale et matinale fut évidente après l’ajout de la CoQ10 par rapport au traitement placebo. Ces résultats conduisent à l'hypothèse que la CoQ10 a un effet thérapeutique potentiel dans la fibromyalgie, et indique de nouvelles cibles moléculaires potentielles pour le traitement de cette maladie. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract Abstract Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex disorder that affects up to 5% of the general population worldwide. Its pathophysiological mechanisms are difficult to identify and current drug therapies demonstrate limited effectiveness. Both mitochondrial dysfunction and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency have been implicated in FM pathophysiology. We have investigated the effect of CoQ10 supplementation. We carried out a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate clinical and gene expression effects of forty days of CoQ10 supplementation (300 mg/day) on 20 FM patients. This study was registered with controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN 21164124). An important clinical improvement was evident after CoQ10 versus placebo treatment showing a reduction of FIQ (p<0.001), and a most prominent reduction in pain (p<0.001), fatigue, and morning tiredness (p<0.01) subscales from FIQ. Furthermore, we observed an important reduction in the pain visual scale (p<0.01) and a reduction in tender points (p<0.01), including recovery of inflammation, antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial biogenesis, and AMPK gene expression levels, associated with phosphorylation of the AMPK activity. These results lead to the hypothesis that CoQ10 have a potential therapeutic effect in FM, and indicate new potential molecular targets for the therapy of this disease. AMPK could be implicated in the pathophysiology of FM. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2013 Oct 20;19(12):1356-61. doi: 10.1089/ars.2013.5260. Epub 2013 Apr 6. Can coenzyme q10 improve clinical and molecular parameters in fibromyalgia? Cordero MD1, Alcocer-Gómez E, de Miguel M, Culic O, Carrión AM, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Bullón P, Battino M, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Sánchez-Alcazar JA. Les probiotiques peuvent être administrés pour la prévention ou le traitement de certains désordres, comprenant la malabsorption du lactose, la diarrhée aiguë, le syndrome du côlon irritable, l'entérocolite nécrosante et les formes bénignes de la maladie inflammatoire de l'intestin. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract Probiotic ingestion is recommended as a preventive approach to maintain the balance of the intestinal microbiota and to enhance the human well-being. During the whole life of each individual, the gut microbiota composition could be altered by lifestyle, diet, antibiotic therapies and other stress conditions, which may lead to acute and chronic disorders. Hence, probiotics can be administered for the prevention or treatment of some disorders, including lactose malabsorption, acute diarrhoea, irritable bowel syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis and mild forms of inflammatory bowel disease. The probiotic-mediated effect is an important issue that needs to be addressed in relation to strain-specific probiotic properties. In this work, the probiotic properties of new Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains were screened, and their effects in vitro were evaluated. They were screened for probiotic properties by determining their tolerance to low pH and to bile salts, antibiotic sensitivity, antimicrobial activity and vitamin B8, B9 and B12 production, and by considering their ability to increase the antioxidant potential and to modulate the inflammatory status of systemic-miming cell lines in vitro. Three out of the examined strains presenting the most performant probiotic properties, as Lactobacillus plantarum PBS067, Lactobacillus rhamnosus PBS070 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis PBSO75, were evaluated for their effects also on human intestinal HT-29 cell line. The obtained results support the possibility to move to another level of study, that is, the oral administration of these probiotical strains to patients with acute and chronic gut disorders, by in vivo experiments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015 Jul;99(13):5613-26. doi: 10.1007/s00253-015-6482-8. Epub 2015 Mar 7. Evaluation of the probiotic properties of new Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains and their in vitro effect. Presti I1, D'Orazio G, Labra M, La Ferla B, Mezzasalma V, Bizzaro G, Giardina S, Michelotti A, Tursi F, Vassallo M, Di Gennaro P. La combinaison des deux antioxydants (bêta-carotène et alpha-tocophérol) a significativement diminué les concentrations de cholestérol total et de LDL, la sensibilité du LDL à l'oxydation ex vivo, ainsi que la zone de lésion athérosclérotique et l'épaisseur de l'intima au niveau de la crosse aortique et de l’aorte thoracique. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract Male New Zealand White rabbits were made hypercholesterolemic by feeding an atherogenic diet (0.5% cholesterol, 3% peanut oil, and 3% coconut oil) with or without (control) antioxidants for 8 weeks. The antioxidant treatments were intravenous injection of beta-carotene (25 mg/kg/BW, twice weekly), dietary supplementation of alpha-tocopherol (0.5%), and a combination of both. Antioxidant treatments significantly increased plasma and LDL antioxidant levels in the above three groups.Intravenous injection of beta-carotene significantly decreased total and LDL cholesterol concentrations, thoracic atherosclerotic lesion area, and intimal thickness, but had no effects on LDL oxidation ex vivo as compared to control. Added dietary alpha-tocopherol significantly decreased the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation ex vivo, aortic atherosclerotic lesion area and intimal thickness, but had no effects on plasma cholesterol levels as compared to control. Combination of both antioxidants significantly decreased total and LDL cholesterol concentrations, susceptibility of LDL to oxidation ex vivo, as well as atherosclerotic lesion area and intimal thickness at aortic arch and thoracic aorta as compared to control, but not beta-carotene or alpha-tocopherol groups. These data suggest that the antihypercholesterolemic effects of beta-carotene and antioxidant effects of alpha-tocopherol may benefit rabbits fed an atherogenic diet by inhibiting the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1997;67(3):155-63. beta-Carotene and alpha-tocopherol inhibit the development of atherosclerotic lesions in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Sun J1, Giraud DW, Moxley RA, Driskell JA. L'apport supérieur total en folate a été associé à une diminution du risque de l’incidence d'hypertension. Tracy A. Taylor, vice-président des affaires publiques et des communications du National Nutritional Foods Association (NNFA), a déclaré : « L’année dernière, nous avons appris que si seulement un petit pourcentage de femmes à l’âge de procréer avaient pris 400 microgrammes / jour d'acide folique, ceci aurait pu faire sauver plus de 1 milliard $ en coûts de soins de santé sur une période de cinq ans ». « Il semblerait que ce supplément peu coûteux aurait le potentiel de réduire le coût des soins de santé de plusieurs milliards de dollars, puisque 1 américain sur 4 souffre d'hypertension artérielle. » http://www.naturalproductsinsider.com/articles/2005/02/folate-reduces-hypertension-in-women.aspx RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract CONTEXT: Folate has important beneficial effects on endothelial function, but there is limited information about folate intake and risk of incident hypertension. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether higher folate intake is associated with a lower risk of incident hypertension. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Two prospective cohort studies of 93,803 younger women aged 27 to 44 years in the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-1999) and 62,260 older women aged 43 to 70 years in the Nurses' Health Study I (1990-1998), who did not have a history of hypertension. Baseline information on dietary folate and supplemental folic acid intake was derived from semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires and was updated every 4 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Relative risk of incident self-reported hypertension during 8 years of follow-up. RESULTS: We identified 7373 incident cases of hypertension in younger women and 12,347 cases in older women. After adjusting for multiple potential confounders, younger women who consumed at least 1000 microg/d of total folate (dietary plus supplemental) had a decreased risk of hypertension (relative risk [RR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.66; P for trend <.001) compared with those who consumed less than 200 microg/d. Younger women's absolute risk reduction (ARR) was approximately 8 cases per 1000 person-years (6.7 vs 14.8 cases). The multivariable RR for the same comparison in older women was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.69-0.97; P for trend = .05). Older women's ARR was approximately 6 cases per 1000 person-years (34.7 vs 40.4 cases). When the analysis was restricted to women with low dietary folate intake (<200 microg/d), the multivariable RR for younger women with total folate intake at least 800 microg/d compared with less than 200 microg/d was 0.55 (95% CI, 0.32-0.94; P for trend = .03), and 0.61 (95% CI, 0.34-1.11; P for trend = .05) in the older cohort. Among women who did not take folic acid-containing supplements, dietary folate intake of 400 microg/d or more was not significantly associated with risk of hypertension. CONCLUSION: Higher total folate intake was associated with a decreased risk of incident hypertension, particularly in younger women. REFERENCE: JAMA. 2005 Jan 19;293(3):320-9. Folate intake and the risk of incident hypertension among US women. Forman JP1, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC. Les recherches indiquent que des niveaux adéquats de vitamine C et de zinc peuvent réduire l'incidence et améliorent le pronostique de la pneumonie, du paludisme et des infections causées par la diarrhée, chez les enfants des pays en voie de développement. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract Vitamin C concentrations in the plasma and leukocytes rapidly decline during infections and stress. Supplementation of vitamin C was found to improve components of the human immune system such as antimicrobial and natural killer cell activities, lymphocyte proliferation, chemotaxis, and delayed-type hypersensitivity. Vitamin C contributes to maintaining the redox integrity of cells and thereby protects them against reactive oxygen species generated during the respiratory burst and in the inflammatory response. Likewise, zinc undernutrition or deficiency was shown to impair cellular mediators of innate immunity such as phagocytosis, natural killer cell activity, and the generation of oxidative burst. Therefore, both nutrients play important roles in immune function and the modulation of host resistance to infectious agents, reducing the risk, severity, and duration of infectious diseases. This is of special importance in populations in which insufficient intake of these nutrients is prevalent. In the developing world, this is the case in low- and middle-income countries, but also in subpopulations in industrialized countries, e.g. in the elderly. A large number of randomized controlled intervention trials with intakes of up to 1 g of vitamin C and up to 30 mg of zinc are available. These trials document that adequate intakes of vitamin C and zinc ameliorate symptoms and shorten the duration of respiratory tract infections including the common cold. Furthermore, vitamin C and zinc reduce the incidence and improve the outcome of pneumonia, malaria, and diarrhea infections, especially in children in developing countries. Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(2):85-94. Epub 2005 Dec 21. Immune-enhancing role of vitamin C and zinc and effect on clinical conditions.Wintergerst ES1, Maggini S, Hornig DH. Selon la littérature, la supplémentation en vitamines B, C, K et celle en silicium pourrait être recommandée pour le bon entretien de la santé des os. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract Osteoporosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly and influences quality of life, as well as life expectancy. Currently, there is a growing interest among the medical scientists in search of specific nutrients and/or bioactive compounds of natural origin for the prevention of disease and maintenance of bone health. Although calcium and vitamin D have been the primary focus of nutritional prevention of osteoporosis, a recent research has clarified the importance of several additional nutrients and food constituents. Based on this review of the literature, supplementation with vitamins B, C, K, and silicon could be recommended for proper maintenance of bone health, although further clinical studies are needed.The results of studies on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, potassium, magnesium, copper, selenium, and strontium are not conclusive, although studies in vitro and in animal models are interesting and promising. Endocrinol Nutr. 2013 Apr;60(4):197-210. doi: 10.1016/j.endonu.2012.09.006. Epub 2012 Dec 28. Update on nutrients involved in maintaining healthy bone. Rondanelli M1, Opizzi A, Perna S, Faliva MA. Il y a une forte (env. 40%) prévalence de la carence en vitamine B12 chez les patients hypothyroïdiens. Un dépistage des niveaux de vitamine B12 devrait être entrepris chez tous les patients, indépendamment de leur état d'anticorps thyroïdien. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and clinical features of B12 deficiency in hypothyroid patients and to evaluate clinical response in symptoms to B12 replacement therapy. METHODS: One hundred and sixteen hypothyroid patients from our endocrine clinic were evaluated for signs and symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency. Laboratory parameters including Haemoglobin (Hb), MCV, Vitamin B12 levels and presence of anti thyroid antibodies were analyzed. Patients with low B12 levels were treated with parenteral intramuscular vitamin B12 monthly, and monitored for improvement of symptoms. RESULTS: A total of 116 patients (95 females and 21 males) were evaluated. Forty six (39.6%) hypothyroid patients had low vitamin B12 levels. Males and females had the same prevalence of B12 deficiency. Generalized weakness, impaired memory, depression, numbness and decreased reflexes were more frequently noted in B12 deficient patients, but failed to achieve statistical significance when compared with B12 sufficient patients. The mean Hb in B12 deficient group was 11.9 +/- 1.6 mg/dl and 12.4 +/- 1.7 mg/dl in the B12 sufficient group, however the mean MCV did not differ in the two groups. Patients with B12 deficiency did not have a higher prevalence of anaemia. Thyroid antibodies were checked in half the patients and 67% had positive titers for anti thyroid antibodies. Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency did not differ in patients with positive antibodies (43.2%) compared to those with negative antibodies (38.9%) (p= 0.759). Twenty four hypothyroid patients with B12 deficiency received intramuscular vitamin B12 injections monthly and improvement in symptoms was noted in 58.3% of these subjects.Additionally, 21 subjects complained of symptoms consistent with B12 deficiency but who had normal range B12, levels and were prescribed monthly B12 injections and 8 (40%) had good subjective clinical response at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high (approx 40%) prevalence of B12 deficiency in hypothyroid patients. Traditional symptoms are not a good guide to determining presence of B12 deficiency. Screening for vitamin B12 levels should be undertaken in all hypothyroid patients, irrespective of their thyroid antibody status. Replacement of B12 leads to improvement in symptoms, although a placebo effect cannot be excluded, as a number of patients without B12 deficiency also appeared to respond to B12, administration. J Pak Med Assoc. 2008 May;58(5):258-61. Vitamin B12 deficiency common in primary hypothyroidism. Jabbar A1, Yawar A, Waseem S, Islam N, Ul Haque N, Zuberi L, Khan A, Akhter J. Les carences nutritionnelles spécifiques chez les patients Alzheimer comprennent les acides gras oméga-3, plusieurs vitamines B et les antioxydants tels que les vitamines E et C. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract Epidemiological evidence linking nutrition to the incidence and risk of Alzheimer Disease is rapidly increasing. The specific nutritional deficiencies in Alzheimer patients may suggest a relative shortage of specific macro- and micronutrients. These include omega-3 fatty acids, several B-vitamins and antioxidants such as vitamins E and C. Recent mechanistic studies in cell systems and animal models also support the idea that nutritional components are able to counteract specific aspects of the neurodegenerative and pathological processes in the brain. In addition, it has been shown that several nutritional components can also effectively stimulate membrane formation and synapse formation as well as improve behavior and cerebrovascular health. The suggested synergy between nutritional components to improve neuronal plasticity and function is supported by epidemiological studies as well as experimental studies in animal models. The ability of nutritional compositions to stimulate synapse formation and effectively reduce Alzheimer Disease neuropathology in these preclinical models provides a solid basis to predict potential to modify the disease process, especially during the early phases of Alzheimer Disease. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 May 6;585(1):197-207. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.01.049. Epub 2008 Mar 4. The potential role of nutritional components in the management of Alzheimer's Disease. van der Beek EM1, Kamphuis PJ. La supplémentation en coenzyme Q10 à une dose de 500 mg semble diminuer les marqueurs inflammatoires chez les patients atteints de sclérose en plaques. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of central nervous system and recent studies show that inflammatory processes are highly associated with neurodegeneration in the brain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in patients with MS. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study was performed among 48 patients with relapsing-remitting MS. Subjects were randomly assigned to a placebo group (n = 24) or coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)-supplemented group (500 mg/day, n = 24). The intervention was administered for 12 weeks. Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline and after 12-week intervention, to measure inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and TGF-β) markers. RESULTS: Forty-five patients completed the study. After 12 weeks of intervention, the TNF-α levels (P = 0.003) decreased significantly in the CoQ10 group. Subjects in the CoQ10 group had significantly lower IL-6 levels (P = 0.037), compared to the placebo group. CoQ10 supplementation also resulted in decreased serum levels of MMP-9 as compared to the placebo group (P = 0.011). However, CoQ10 supplementation did not alter the IL-4 and TGF-β levels (P = 0.16 and P = 0.81, respectively). DISCUSSION: CoQ10 supplementation at a dosage of 500 mg appears to decrease the inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-9) in patients with MS. Nutr Neurosci. 2015 May;18(4):169-76. doi: 10.1179/1476830513Y.0000000106. Epub 2014 Jan 10. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation ameliorates inflammatory markers in patients with multiple sclerosis: a double blind, placebo, controlled randomized clinical trial. Sanoobar M, Eghtesadi S, Azimi A, Khalili M, Khodadadi B, Jazayeri S, Gohari MR, Aryaeian N. Un apport nutritionnel adéquat en sélénium, combiné aux deux autres oligo-éléments essentiels ; l’iode et le fer, est nécessaire à une saine thyroïde au cours du développement, de l'adolescence, chez l'adulte et chez les populations vieillissantes. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide information on the role of the essential trace element selenium, which enables appropriate thyroid hormone synthesis, secretion, and metabolism, and to discuss supplementation with various selenium compounds, which prevent thyroid diseases such as goiter and exert beneficial effects in thyroid autoimmune diseases. RECENT FINDINGS: Selenium administration in both autoimmune thyroiditis (M. Hashimoto) and mild Graves' disease improves clinical scores and well-being of patients and reduces autoimmune antibody titres in several prospective, placebo-controlled supplementation studies. SUMMARY: Adequate nutritional supply of selenium, together with the two other essential trace elements iodine and iron, is required for a healthy thyroid during development and adolescence, as well as in the adult and aging populations. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2013 Oct;20(5):441-8. doi: 10.1097/01.med.0000433066.24541.88. Selenium and the thyroid.Köhrle J1. L’ Augmentation de la prise de vitamine C de 50 mg / jour a été associée à la réduction du risque de néoplasie cervicale. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : Abstract To assess the association between vitamin C intake and cervical neoplasia (CN) risk. Databases including PubMed, Embase, and Springer link were retrieved up to June 10, 2014 with predefined strategy. The combined odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for overall and subgroup analyses. The publication bias was assessed using Begg's test and Egger's test. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted. Twelve studies consisting of 1 prospective cohort study and 11 case-control studies were included. In overall analysis, vitamin C intake was significantly associated with the reduced risk of CN (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.75; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis stratified by vitamin C dose indicated all dose categories achieved a reduced CN risk. Furthermore, increased vitamin C intake by 50 mg/day was related to the reduced risk of CN (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.89 to 0.94; P < 0.05). No publication bias was detected by Begg's test (P = 0.169) and no apparent fluctuation was observed in summary OR by sensitivity analysis. Vitamin C intake was inversely associated with the risk of CN and this association was dose-dependent. However, more randomized controlled trials are required for further validation. Nutr Cancer. 2016;68(1):48-57. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1115101. Epub 2016 Jan 5. Association between vitamin C Intake and the risk of cervical neoplasia: A meta-analysis. Cao D1, Shen K2, Li Z1, Xu Y1, Wu D1. Ceux qui avaient à la fois l’hypertension et de faibles niveaux de vitamine D, avaient près du double de risque de problèmes cardiovasculaires. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : BACKGROUND: Vitamin D receptors have a broad tissue distribution that includes vascular smooth muscle, endothelium, and cardiomyocytes. A growing body of evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may adversely affect the cardiovascular system, but data from longitudinal studies are lacking. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 1739 Framingham Offspring Study participants (mean age 59 years; 55% women; all white) without prior cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D status was assessed by measuring 25-dihydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) levels. Prespecified thresholds were used to characterize varying degrees of 25-OH D deficiency (< 15 ng/mL, < 10 ng/mL). Multivariable Cox regression models were adjusted for conventional risk factors. Overall, 28% of individuals had levels < 15 ng/mL, and 9% had levels < 10 ng/mL. During a mean follow-up of 5.4 years, 120 individuals developed a first cardiovascular event. Individuals with 25-OH D < 15 ng/mL had a multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio of 1.62 (95% confidence interval 1.11 to 2.36, P=0.01) for incident cardiovascular events compared with those with 25-OH D > or = 15 ng/mL. This effect was evident in participants with hypertension (hazard ratio 2.13, 95% confidence interval 1.30 to 3.48) but not in those without hypertension (hazard ratio 1.04, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 1.96). There was a graded increase in cardiovascular risk across categories of 25-OH D, with multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of 1.53 (95% confidence interval 1.00 to 2.36) for levels 10 to < 15 ng/mL and 1.80 (95% confidence interval 1.05 to 3.08) for levels < 10 ng/mL (P for linear trend=0.01). Further adjustment for C-reactive protein, physical activity, or vitamin use did not affect the findings. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with incident cardiovascular disease. Further clinical and experimental studies may be warranted to determine whether correction of vitamin D deficiency could contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2008 Jan 29;117(4):503-11. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.706127. Epub 2008 Jan 7. Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease. Wang TJ1, Pencina MJ, Booth SL, Jacques PF, Ingelsson E, Lanier K, Benjamin EJ, D'Agostino RB, Wolf M, Vasan RS. L’ajout de la lutéine et de DHA (une partie d'Oméga 3) peut aider à réduire le risque de dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge, à protéger la macula des dommages oxydatifs, et l'augmentation du transport de la lutéine dans la macula. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : ABSTRACT: Background: Lutein and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may protect against age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Lutein is a component of macular pigment. DHA is in the retina. Objective: The objective of this 4-mo study was to determine the effects of lutein (12 mg/d) and DHA (800 mg/d) on their serum concentrations and macular pigment optical density (MPOD). Design: Forty-nine women (60–80 y) were randomly assigned to placebo, DHA, lutein, or lutein + DHA supplement. Serum was analyzed for lutein and DHA (0, 2, and 4 mo). MPOD was determined (0 and 4 mo) at 0.4, 1.5, 3, and 5° temporal retinal eccentricities. Serum was analyzed for lipoproteins (4 mo). Results: There was no interaction between lutein and DHA supplementations for serum lutein and MPOD. The lutein supplementation × DHA supplementation × month interaction was significant for serum DHA response (P < 0.05). In the lutein group, serum lutein increased from baseline at 2 and 4 mo (P < 0.001), and MPOD increased at 3.0° (P < 0.01). In the DHA group, serum DHA increased at 2 and 4 mo (P < 0.0001), and MPOD increased at 0.4° (P < 0.05). In the lutein + DHA group, serum lutein and DHA increased at 2 and 4 mo (P < 0.01), and MPOD increased at 0.4, 1.5, and 3° (P = 0.06, 0.08, and 0.09, respectively). Differences from placebo in lipoprotein subfractions were greatest for the lutein + DHA group (4 mo). Conclusions: Lutein supplementation increased macular pigment optical density (MPOD) eccentrically. DHA resulted in central increases. These results may be due to changes in lipoproteins. Lutein and DHA may aid in prevention of age-related macular degeneration. The influence of supplemental lutein and docosahexaenoic acid on serum, lipoproteins, and macular pigmentation1,2,3,4 Sur la base des données actuelles, nous suggérons que les doses orales d’acide folique (800 microgrammes de tous les jours) et de vitamine B12 (1 mg par jour) soient essayées dans l’amélioration des résultats du traitement de la dépression. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : ABSTRACT: We review the findings in major depression of a low plasma and particularly red cell folate, but also of low vitamin B12 status. Both low folate and low vitamin B12 status have been found in studies of depressive patients, and an association between depression and low levels of the two vitamins is found in studies of the general population. Low plasma or serum folate has also been found in patients with recurrent mood disorders treated by lithium. A link between depression and low folate has similarly been found in patients with alcoholism. It is interesting to note that Hong Kong and Taiwan populations with traditional Chinese diets (rich in folate), including patients with major depression, have high serum folate concentrations. However, these countries have very low life time rates of major depression. Low folate levels are furthermore linked to a poor response to antidepressants, and treatment with folic acid is shown to improve response to antidepressants. A recent study also suggests that high vitamin B12 status may be associated with better treatment outcome. Folate and vitamin B12 are major determinants of one-carbon metabolism, in which S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is formed. SAM donates methyl groups that are crucial for neurological function. Increased plasma homocysteine is a functional marker of both folate and vitamin B12 deficiency. Increased homocysteine levels are found in depressive patients. In a large population study from Norway increased plasma homocysteine was associated with increased risk of depression but not anxiety. There is now substantial evidence of a common decrease in serum/red blood cell folate, serum vitamin B12 and an increase in plasma homocysteine in depression. Furthermore, the MTHFR C677T polymorphism that impairs the homocysteine metabolism is shown to be overrepresented among depressive patients, which strengthens the association. On the basis of current data, we suggest that oral doses of both folic acid (800 microg daily) and vitamin B12 (1 mg daily) should be tried to improve treatment outcome in depression. J Psychopharmacol. 2005 Jan;19(1):59-65. Treatment of depression: time to consider folic acid and vitamin B12. Coppen A1, Bolander-Gouaille C. Dans la polyarthrite rhumatoïde, on a constaté une diminution significative de la vitamine E, bêta-carotène et vitamine A plasmatique. RÉFÉRENCE:
ABSTRACT We present a clinical study aimed to compare plasma antioxidant vitamins, vitamin E, beta-carotene and vitamin A. The study consisted of a group (15 patients) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to a healthy control group. There was a significant decrease in plasma vitamin E, beta-carotene and vitamin A (vitamin E 30.4 +/- 4.9 VS 43.6 +/- 8.2 micrograms/ml, beta-carotene 0.73 +/- 0.26 VS 1.02 +/- 0.22 micrograms/ml and vitamin A 0.22 +/- 0.07 VS 0.46 +/- 0.15 microgram/ml, P < 0.01 patients VS control, respectively). Supplementation of Dunaliella (natural)--beta-carotene to the RA patients for 3 weeks, resulted in a significant increase in plasma vitamin E (47.9 +/- 5.5 micrograms/ml) beta-carotene (0.87 +/- 0.21 microgram/ml) and vitamin A (0.55 +/- 0.15 microgram/ml). There were no changes in the activity indexes of RA. Low plasma antioxidant vitamins in patients with RA are consistent with the observation that oxidative processes occur in the inflammed joints. The validity of antioxidant vitamins as supplementary therapy for RA is not clear. Harefuah. 2002 Feb;141(2):148-50, 223. [Plasma anti-oxidants and rheumatoid arthritis]. [Article in Hebrew] Kacsur C1, Mader R, Ben-Amotz A, Levy Y. Les patients avec 25-OHD ≤20 ng / ml sont plus susceptibles d'avoir des déficits de mémoire (court terme), perturbations de l'humeur, troubles du sommeil, syndrome des jambes sans repos ainsi que des palpitations. L'étude confirme la prévalence élevée de l'hypovitaminose D chez les patients atteints de fibromyalgie primaire. RÉFÉRENCE:
Veuillez lire l'article complet (en anglais seulement) : ABSTRACT: Patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) have impaired mobility and therefore get less sunlight exposure, we postulated that they may be at increased risk of developing osteoporosis (OP). The aim of this study was to assess and compare serum vitamin D level and bone mineral density (BMD) value in patients with primary FMS (PFMS) and healthy controls. A total of 50 patients with PFMS participated in this case-control study, and 50 healthy females who were age-matched to the patients were used as the control group. Venous blood samples collected from all subjects were used to evaluate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD). BMD was measured at the lumbar spine (L2-L4) anteroposterior, femoral neck and forearm by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Patients with PFMS had significantly lower serum 25-OHD than controls (15.1 ± 6.1 and 18.8 ± 5.4 ng/ml, respectively, p = 0.0018). Apart from the BMD in the lumbar spine, which was significantly lower in the PFMS patients compared with controls (p = 0.0012), no significant difference was found in other measures of BMD. Compared to PFMS patients who had serum level of the 25-OHD >20 ng/ml, the patients with 25-OHD ≤20 ng/ml are more likely to have impaired short memory (46.4 vs. 13.6%, respectively, p = 0.0136), confusion (50 vs. 18.2%, respectively, p = 0.0199), mood disturbance (60.7 vs. 27.3%, respectively, p = 0.0185), sleep disturbance (53.6 vs. 22.7%, respectively, p = 0.0271), restless leg syndrome (57.1 vs. 27.3%, respectively, p = 0.0346) and palpitation (67.9 vs. 36.4%, respectively, p = 0.0265). Serum level of the 25-OHD is inversely correlated with visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain (p = 0.016), Beck score for depression (p = 0.020) and BMD at lumbar spine (p = 0.012). The lumbar BMD inversely correlated with VAS of pain (p = 0.013) and Beck score for depression (p = 0.016). This study confirmed high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among in patients with PFMS. This study confirmed the concept that FMS is a risk factor for OP. Based on this, an early nutrition program rich in calcium and vitamin D, appropriate exercise protocols, and medical treatment should be considered in these patients in terms of preventing OP development. Rheumatol Int. 2013 Jan;33(1):185-92. doi: 10.1007/s00296-012-2361-0. Epub 2012 Feb 4. Serum vitamin D level and bone mineral density in premenopausal Egyptian women with fibromyalgia. Olama SM1, Senna MK, Elarman MM, Elhawary G. |
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Août 2017
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