BACKGROUND:
Although a large body of literature has been devoted to examining the relationship between eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA+DHA) and blood pressure, past systematic reviews have been hampered by narrow inclusion criteria and a limited scope of analytical subgroups. In addition, no meta-analysis to date has captured the substantial volume of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the past 2 years. The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine the effect of EPA+DHA, without upper dose limits and including food sources, on blood pressure in RCTs.
METHODS:
Random-effects meta-analyses were used to generate weighted group mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the EPA+DHA group and the placebo group. Analyses were conducted for subgroups defined by key subject or study characteristics.
RESULTS:
Seventy RCTs were included. Compared with placebo, EPA+DHA provision reduced systolic blood pressure (-1.52 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -2.25 to -0.79) and diastolic blood pressure (-0.99 mm Hg; 95% CI = -1.54 to -0.44) in the meta-analyses of all studies combined. The strongest effects of EPA+DHA were observed among untreated hypertensive subjects (systolic blood pressure = -4.51 mm Hg, 95% CI = -6.12 to -2.83; diastolic blood pressure = -3.05 mm Hg, 95% CI = -4.35 to - 1.74), although blood pressure also was lowered among normotensive subjects (systolic blood pressure = -1.25 mm Hg, 95% CI = -2.05 to -0.46; diastolic blood pressure = -0.62 mm Hg, 95% CI = -1.22 to -0.02).
CONCLUSIONS:
Overall, available evidence from RCTs indicates that provision of EPA+DHA reduces systolic blood pressure, while provision of ≥2 grams reduces diastolic blood pressure.

REFERENCE: 
Am J Hypertens. 2014 Jul;27(7):885-96. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpu024. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
​Miller PE1, Van Elswyk M2, Alexander DD3.

BACKGROUND:
ω3 fatty acids (ω3 FAs) may slow the rate of decline in cognitive performance in mild forms of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between changes of plasma ω3 FA levels and cognitive performance, as well as effects of gender, are poorly known.
OBJECTIVE:
To study the effect of 6-month administration of DHA-rich ω3 FA supplementation on plasma FA profiles in patients with mild to moderate AD in relation to cognitive performance and gender. This investigation is part of the OmegAD Study.
METHODS:
174 AD patients (74 ± 9 years) were randomized to a daily intake of 2.3 g ω3 FA or placebo for 6 months; subsequently all received the ω3 FA preparation for the next 6 months. Baseline as well as changes in plasma levels of the main ω3 FAs in 165 patients, while receiving ω3 FA supplementation for 6 months, were analyzed for association to cognitive performance (assessed by ADAS-cog and MMSE scores) as well as to gender.
RESULTS:
Preservation of cognitive functioning, assessed by ADAS-cog or its sub-items (but not MMSE) scores, was significantly associated to increasing plasma ω3 FA levels over time.
Thus, the higher ω3 FA plasma levels rose, the lower was the rate of cognitive deterioration.
This effect was not related to gender; since although females displayed higher ω3 FA plasma levels than did males after 6 months of supplementation, this difference disappeared when adjusted for body weight.
CONCLUSIONS:
Since our study suggests dose-response relationships between plasma levels of ω3 FA and preservation of cognition, future ω3 FA trials in patients with mild AD should consider exploring graded (and body weight adjusted) doses of ω3 FA.

REFERENCE:
J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;48(3):805-12. doi: 10.3233/JAD-150102.
Plasma Fatty Acid Profiles in Relation to Cognition and Gender in Alzheimer's Disease Patients During Oral Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation: The OmegAD Study.
​Eriksdotter M1,2, Vedin I3, Falahati F1, Freund-Levi Y1, Hjorth E4, Faxen-Irving G1, Wahlund LO1,2, Schultzberg M4, Basun H5,6, Cederholm T7,6, Palmblad J3.

REFERENCE: 
Nutr J. 2013 Jan 8;12:7. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-7.
Effect  of a plant sterol, fish oil and B vitamin combination on cardiovascular risk factors in 
​hypercholesterolemic children and adolescents: a pilot study.
Garaiova I1, Muchová J, Nagyová Z, Mišľanová C, Oravec S, Dukát A, Wang D, Plummer SF, Ďuračková Z.

​By Agnès Rousseaux
http://www.bastamag.net/Faudra-t-il-bientot-manger
Vitamins A, B or C, Omega 3, trace elements, iron ...
The nutrients are essential to our body and its longevity. Several studies alert us to the weakness of fruit and vegetables "modern" nutrients. 
WHILE A PEACH WAS ENOUGH IN 1950 TO ABSORB A GOOD RATIO OF VITAMIN A, TODAY WE NEED TO EAT 20! 
Where are these vitamins?  What the researchers say ? Does the food industry benefit? 
Basta conducted the survey. 

"Eat at least 5 fruits and vegetables a day," recommends the National Health Nutrition Program. 
Perhaps we will soon need to eat 50 ... 
From the nutrients side, our food seem to show some weaknesses. 
Take an orange: The 2000’s one will probably look better than oranges of the 1950’s. However... THE MODERN ORANGE CONTAINS 5 TIMES LESS IRON....
The same for peaches. Several studies show that loss of "nutrient density". 

The problem of nutrient density loss for fruits and vegetables began to be raised in the US, Canada and Great Britain. 

Vitamin A: 1 Peache in 1950 = 26 peaches in 2010 

Since 1950, researchers measure the nutritional content of food. 
So in the 1950’s, eating a banana, an orange and a peach, was enough to fill the "recommended daily allowance" (RDA) of vitamin for a person.  
TODAY, GIVEN NUTRIENT CONTENT, IT SHOULD BE 5 BANANAS, 10 ORANGES AND 26 PEACHES TO HAVE THE DOSE OF VITAMIN A!

​There is conflicting evidence from studies using various intestinal probes that patients with rheumatoid arthritis may have a 'leaky' intestinal mucosa allowing food allergens to be more easily absorbed. Clinical therapeutic trials of exclusion diets have employed the standard strategy of the double-blind randomized method. However, this presupposes that patients entered into such a study are capable of improvement with dietary manipulation.
Since this is often not the case, a more appropriate method would be to employ the 'intensive research design' also known as 'single case experiment' and 'N of 1' study. 'Masked food intolerance' is an attractive hypothesis, but extremely difficult to prove. It is doubtful whether fish oils and/or evening primrose oil will be of significant long term benefit for patients with RA. However, they do provide for the possibility that a fatty acid-like substance may be found which may be incorporated into cell membranes, thereby preventing production of mediators of inflammation, such as prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2012942
Br J Rheumatol. 1991 Apr;30(2):125-34.
Is diet important in rheumatoid arthritis?
Buchanan HM1, Preston SJ, Brooks PM, Buchanan WW.​

REFERENCE: 
​Staudte H 1  , Kranz S , Völpel A , Schütze J , Sigusch BW  
Affiliations 
Department of Conservative Dentistry, University Hospital, Jena, Germany. h.staudte@gmx.de
Quintessence International (Berlin, Germany : 1985) [2012, 43(10):907-916]